The hapless Taila was put to death, along with other
members of the Chalukya family. So, with his hands
reeking with the blood of his overlord, Bijjala like
another Macbeth seized the Chalukyan crown. He then
shifted his capital from Mangaliveda (Mangalavada)
to the royal city of Kalyana.
Bijjala's independent rule was short; it lasted from
about 1162 A. D. to 1167 A. D. During these years he
fought successfully against the Hoysala King
Narasimha I and the Pandya Chief of Uchchangi. He
also defeated the Seunas and the Cholas, and subdued
the turbulent Chiefs of Andhra and Kalinga. In
administration, Bijjala is said to have introduced
certain innovations. According to historians, the
secretaries of the heads of the administrative
divisions were given greater importance and were, in
fact, asked to keep watch over their superior
officers. This was designed to curb the provincial
intransigence. Bijjala reposed great trust in
Kasapayya Nayaka, who rose to position of influence
in the Kalachuri Kingdom. The great Virasaiva saint
Basaveshvara was Bijjala's Chief treasurer and then
Prime Minister.
During Bijjula's regime a
new city was formed by amalgamating by seven
villages
Gajkanahalli, Bajkanahalli, Chandankiri, Kyadgi,
Khatarkiri and Kurankutti to form
Bijjanhalli in 1162, which was later sanskritised
to Vijaypura.( Centenary Souvenir, Bijapur
Municipality 1854- 1954). They are inscription which
says that Chalukyan Maha Madaleashwara, kalachuri
Bijjala
ruler of Badami, who later disposed Kalyani Chalukyans, was responsible for founding city
of Bijapur (Bijjanhalli)
in 10-11 Century. The city came under the
influence of Khilji's of Delhi by 13 century and in
1347, Bhamani Sultanate of Gulbarga conquered and by
this time the city as referred as Bijapur.
Scholars like B. L. Rice had believed that Bijjala
was a Jaina. This erroneous view was based on the
evidence of later literary works like
Chennabasavapurana of Virupaksha Pandita,
Bijjalarayacharite of Dharani Pandita and the
Bijjalarayapurana of Chandrasagara Varni. But
epigraphical and many literary sources clearly
indicate that Bijjala was a Saiva by persuasion. In
fact the period saw a Saiva revival with which were
associated the famous names of Ekantada Ramayya,
Goggideva and Viruparasa. The Kalachuri ruler was
evidently a Saiva, but of the orthodox school, and
he could not stomach the revolutionary ideas and
practices of Basaveshvara, his Prime Minister. This
explains Bijjala's opposition to the Virasaiva
movement.
Bijjala abdicated in 1167 A. D. in favour of his
second son Sovideva. But that did not prevent the
eruption of trouble, which shook the Kalachuri
Kingdom and took Bijjala as a victim. Some scholars
have argued that the trouble was political in
nature, and that evil officers like Kasapayya Nayaka
engineered the conspiracy. But Dr. P. B. Desai is of
the opinion that Bijjala's hostilities against the
Virasaiva movement provoked violent reaction, which
took the form of an open rebellion. Though
Basaveshvara did not sanction violence, his
followers unleashed it, and Bijjala appears to have
been died/murdered in 1168 A. D in the forest around
Kalyani.
Bijjala's successor, Sovideva/Someswara had to
confront Challenges to his powers from many sides,
but the held his own, and ruled upto 1176 A. D. he
was succeeded by his younger brother Mallugi, but
was almost immediately overthrown by his another
brother Sankama who ruled till 1180 A. D. His
successors were Ahavamalla (1180-83 A. D.) and
Singhana (1183-84 A. D). During this period the
Kalachuri Kingdom became weak and yielded its
sovereign independence to the Chalukyas, whose
power, in turn, flickered for a while before going
out. The Kalachuri usurpation and rule, then, was
dramatic, convulsive and short-lived.
ORIGIN of the term REDDY/ REDDI and specific
caste there are various theories:
The oral traditions of Reddys state (first Reddy is
a charioteer who impressed the king with his courage
in the battle and own some lands) that Reddy is a
corruption of Ratti meaning chariot or charioteer
and their ancestors were charioteers for the
Rashtrakutas. The Reddys may have been early
practitioners of agriculture and farming. "Reddy" is
derived from the Telugu word "redu" which means farm
land. Some linguists surmised the word Reddy
originated from the medieval term Rattodu, which is
derived from Rashtrakutudu. The Rashtrakutas /
Cholas/ Kalayani Chalukyas employed wealthy local
farmers to head villages and collect taxes in the
empire and conferred the title of Reddy. The usage
of the word Reddy specifically was first seen in the
inscriptions made during the Renati Chola times, 7th
century CE.Another theory relates the Reddies to the
Rathis, who ruled over small principalities in the
Deccan plateau before 200 BCE and before the
Satavahanas and Mauryas. The Rathis left coins in
northern Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district, and near
Pune. The coins are found in the levels between the
megalithic and Satavahana levels in excavations.
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